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Abstract Abstract:Jack London is renowned for his early Northland narratives, but since America’s declaration of the closure of its frontier, he had shifted his focus of creation to the Pacific, including Hawaii islands. Even though his early Northland narratives have greatly aroused the attention of the academia, the shift of his later production focus hasn’t received enough concern. Based on Foucault’s theory of heterotopia, this paper examines London’s Snark narratives’ involvement in constructing Hawaii as America’s imaginable and consumable overseas heterotopia. In his autobiographical travel writing and short stories, London constructs Hawaii as a heterotopia through disease writing, racial integration and capital expansion narratives, identifying it with American nation, connecting the kinship and showing its huge commercial value. The purpose is to recognize the success of America’s annexation of Hawaii, to promote America’s overseas influence and exploitation, and to encourage its further implementation of the expansion policy in the Pacific area.
Key words: Jack London; Snark narratives; Hawaii; heterotopia
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